Literature review presents interventions that may reduce barriers to primary care

The Tennessee CEAL Regional Team conducted a literature review looking at barriers to primary care among people who are more likely to be uninsured, are less likely to receive primary care outside the emergency room, and have increased morbidity and mortality. This study included two CEAL priority populations: people experiencing homelessness and farmworkers.

Researchers note that people experiencing homelessness and farmworkers have similar barriers to primary care, such as stigma, discrimination, substance abuse, mental health issues, and a high risk of infection. Evidence-based health care solutions that may improve access to care include education, stable housing, health screenings and services, including vaccinations, and access to mobile primary care. Strong linkages to primary care, improved provider education and cultural competencies, patient-centered medical home care, chronic disease management, a reduction in morbidity and mortality, and reduced costs for medical care are cited as policy interventions that may reduce barriers to primary care.

“Primary care services are foundational to a healthy population and any disruptions in primary care services can be devastating for the communities that they serve, especially the most socially vulnerable.” Archives of Internal Medicine Research, July 2024

Authors of this study also looked at potential gaps in medical education. They suggest that current studies could offer evidence for instruction and clinical training, as people experiencing homelessness and farmworkers may be faced with discrimination during their primary care encounters. Training medical students and residents to work with diverse populations can lessen these negative experiences.

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